Temperature-responsive insights: Investigating Eu3+ and Dy3+ activated yttrium calcium oxyborate phosphors for structure and luminescence

D A Jabali; A Y Madkhli; G Souadi; Ümit H Kaynar; M B Coban; O Madkhali; M Ayvacikli; Nasser Amri; N Can

doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111214

Temperature-responsive insights: Investigating Eu³⁺ and Dy³⁺ activated yttrium calcium oxyborate phosphors for structure and luminescence

Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Apr:206:111214. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111214. Epub 2024 Feb 2.

Authors

D A Jabali¹, A Y Madkhli¹, G Souadi¹, Ümit H Kaynar², M B Coban³, O Madkhali¹, M Ayvacikli⁴, Nasser Amri⁵, N Can⁶

Affiliations

¹ Jazan University, College of Science, Department of Physical Sciences, Physics Division, P.O. Box. 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
² Bakırcay University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Fundamental Sciences, Menemen, Izmir, Turkey; Bakırçay University, Biomedical Technologies Design Application and Research Center, Menemen, Izmir, Turkey.
³ Balikesir University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics, Balikesir, Turkey.
⁴ Manisa Celal Bayar University, Hasan Ferdi Turgutlu Technology Faculty, Mechatronics Engineering, Turgutlu-Manisa, Turkey.
⁵ Jazan University, College of Science, Department of Physical Sciences, Chemistry Division, P.O. Box. 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Jazan University, College of Science, Department of Physical Sciences, Physics Division, P.O. Box. 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: ncan@jazanu.edu.sa.

PMID: 38324934
DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111214

Abstract

An investigation into the luminescent behavior of YCOB (Yttrium Calcium Oxyborate) doped with Eu³⁺ and Dy³⁺ ions, synthesized via the combustion method, is presented. The study, employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analyses, confirms the structural integrity and purity of the synthesized nanophosphors. An XRD pattern exhibiting distinct crystalline peaks indicates that the dopant ions were successfully integrated into the YCOB lattice. The photoluminescence (PL) response of YCOB with Eu³⁺ and Dy³⁺ ions is thoroughly examined, uncovering distinct excitation and emission spectra. In the case of Eu³⁺ doping, excitation spectra reveal a significant charge transfer (CT) band at 254 nm, indicative of electron transfer between oxygen and europium ions. This CT transition enhances our understanding of the excitation behavior, with the dominant and Laporte-forbidden ⁵D₀ → ⁷F₂ transition. Characteristic peaks at 345 nm in the excitation spectra efficiently stimulate YCOB:Dy³⁺ when Dy³⁺ is used as a dopant. The primary emission peak at 585 nm corresponds to the hypersensitive electric dipole transition ⁴F_9/2-⁶H_13/2. Concentration quenching phenomena are observed, with a maximum Eu³⁺ concentration of 7 wt % attributed to the dipole-quadrupole interaction. Dy³⁺ doping, with a maximum concentration of 2 wt % primarily shows multipolar interactions, especially dipole-dipole interactions. The study extends to CIE chromaticity analysis, emphasizing Eu³⁺ doping's suitability for white light-emitting diode (WLED) applications and ensuring color stability. Conversely, varying Dy³⁺ concentrations do not yield consistent chromaticity coordinates. These findings have significant implications for the development of advanced phosphor materials across diverse applications, offering a roadmap for optimizing their optical performance.

Keywords: CIE; Concentration quenching; Photoluminescence; XRD; Yttrium calcium oxyborate.